Which process can lead to increased soil acidity through the loss of cations?

Leaching refers to the process in which water-soluble substances are washed out from the soil, particularly those compounds that are dissolved in water. When rainfall or irrigation water moves through the soil profile, it can carry away essential cations such as calcium, magnesium, and potassium. These cations are vital for maintaining soil health and neutrality. As these positively charged ions are removed, they can lead to a deficit in alkaline substances, resulting in increased soil acidity.

Increased soil acidity can adversely affect plant growth by altering nutrient availability and encouraging the leaching of more nutrients from the soil, creating a cycle in which the fertility of the soil continues to decline. This understanding is crucial in nutrient management practices, especially in agriculture, as it informs the need for amendments (like lime) to counteract this natural process and maintain optimal soil conditions for crop production.