Which crop-related practice can help minimize nutrient runoff?

Cover cropping is a practice that plays a crucial role in minimizing nutrient runoff for several reasons. When cover crops are sown, they create a protective layer over the soil, which helps to absorb rainfall and reduce surface erosion. The roots of cover crops help to hold the soil together, preventing the loss of nutrients that can be washed away during heavy rains.

Additionally, cover crops enhance soil structure and promote the development of soil organic matter. This improved soil health increases the soil's ability to retain water and nutrients, thereby reducing the likelihood that these elements will runoff into nearby water bodies. Cover crops can also take up leftover nutrients from previous crops, which would otherwise be vulnerable to leaching and runoff.

In contrast, monocropping may leave the soil bare for extended periods, increasing vulnerability to erosion and nutrient loss. Increased tillage often disrupts soil structure, making it more prone to erosion, while overwatering can lead to saturated soils, which further enhances the risk of nutrient leaching and runoff. Thus, cover cropping stands out as a beneficial practice for managing nutrients and protecting water quality.