To apply manure in the fall on CMUs with less than 25% plant cover, what must be present?

For the application of manure in the fall on Concentrated Management Units (CMUs) with less than 25% plant cover, it is essential to have both a cover crop with adequate growth and the practice of injecting the manure. This requirement is rooted in the need to mitigate potential nutrient runoff and protect water quality.

Having a cover crop is crucial as it helps anchor the soil, reducing erosion and nutrient leaching. Cover crops can effectively utilize residual nutrients from manure and provide ground cover to prevent soil exposure, thereby enhancing soil health and moisture retention. This practice aligns with nutrient management principles aimed at protecting waterways from contamination.

Injecting the manure further supports these goals by minimizing surface application, which is known to contribute to nutrient runoff. By incorporating the manure into the soil, it becomes less likely to be washed away by rainfall events. This technique also improves nutrient availability to plants, as the nutrients are placed closer to the root zone.

Therefore, both components are necessary to comply with best management practices for nutrient application, especially in sensitive areas where plant cover is limited.